Butyric Acid

Identification

Generic Name
Butyric Acid
DrugBank Accession Number
DB03568
Background

A four carbon acid, CH3CH2CH2COOH, with an unpleasant odor that occurs in butter and animal fat as the glycerol ester.

Type
Small Molecule
Groups
Experimental, Investigational
Structure
Weight
Average: 88.1051
Monoisotopic: 88.0524295
Chemical Formula
C4H8O2
Synonyms
  • 1-propanecarboxylic acid
  • Butanoic acid
  • Butyrate
  • Butyricum acidum
  • Ethylacetic acid
  • N-butanoic acid
  • N-butyric acid
  • Propylformic acid
External IDs
  • FEMA NO. 2221
  • NSC-8415

Pharmacology

Indication

Not Available

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Pharmacodynamics

Not Available

Mechanism of action
TargetActionsOrganism
U(S)-2-haloacid dehalogenaseNot AvailablePseudomonas sp. (strain YL)
UCholinesteraseNot AvailableHumans
U2-hydroxy-6-oxo-7-methylocta-2,4-dienoate hydrolaseNot AvailablePseudomonas fluorescens
Absorption

Not Available

Volume of distribution

Not Available

Protein binding

Not Available

Metabolism
Not Available
Route of elimination

Not Available

Half-life

Not Available

Clearance

Not Available

Adverse Effects
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Toxicity

Not Available

Pathways
PathwayCategory
Butyrate MetabolismMetabolic
Fatty Acid BiosynthesisMetabolic
Pharmacogenomic Effects/ADRs
Not Available

Interactions

Drug Interactions
This information should not be interpreted without the help of a healthcare provider. If you believe you are experiencing an interaction, contact a healthcare provider immediately. The absence of an interaction does not necessarily mean no interactions exist.
Not Available
Food Interactions
Not Available

Products

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Product Ingredients
IngredientUNIICASInChI Key
Sodium butyrate8RAS91C36W156-54-7MFBOGIVSZKQAPD-UHFFFAOYSA-M
α-keto-γ-methylselenobutyrateNot AvailableNot AvailableNot applicable

Categories

Drug Categories
Chemical TaxonomyProvided by Classyfire
Description
This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as straight chain fatty acids. These are fatty acids with a straight aliphatic chain.
Kingdom
Organic compounds
Super Class
Lipids and lipid-like molecules
Class
Fatty Acyls
Sub Class
Fatty acids and conjugates
Direct Parent
Straight chain fatty acids
Alternative Parents
Monocarboxylic acids and derivatives / Carboxylic acids / Organic oxides / Hydrocarbon derivatives / Carbonyl compounds
Substituents
Aliphatic acyclic compound / Carbonyl group / Carboxylic acid / Carboxylic acid derivative / Hydrocarbon derivative / Monocarboxylic acid or derivatives / Organic oxide / Organic oxygen compound / Organooxygen compound / Straight chain fatty acid
Molecular Framework
Aliphatic acyclic compounds
External Descriptors
straight-chain saturated fatty acid, short-chain fatty acid (CHEBI:30772) / Straight chain fatty acids, Saturated fatty acids (C00246) / Straight chain fatty acids (LMFA01010004)
Affected organisms
Not Available

Chemical Identifiers

UNII
40UIR9Q29H
CAS number
107-92-6
InChI Key
FERIUCNNQQJTOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI
InChI=1S/C4H8O2/c1-2-3-4(5)6/h2-3H2,1H3,(H,5,6)
IUPAC Name
butanoic acid
SMILES
CCCC(O)=O

References

Synthesis Reference

Haruhiko Kikuchi, "Process for preparing 4-(4-biphenylyl)-4-oxo-butanoic acid." U.S. Patent US4621154, issued November, 1977.

US4621154
General References
Not Available
Human Metabolome Database
HMDB0000039
KEGG Compound
C00246
PubChem Compound
264
PubChem Substance
46505927
ChemSpider
259
BindingDB
26109
RxNav
1362696
ChEBI
30772
ChEMBL
CHEMBL14227
ZINC
ZINC000000895132
Guide to Pharmacology
GtP Drug Page
PDBe Ligand
BUA
Wikipedia
Butyric_acid
PDB Entries
1p0i / 1ugp / 1uk7 / 1zrm / 2cz0 / 2cz1 / 2ha7 / 2j4c / 3dlt / 3i3f
show 19 more

Clinical Trials

Clinical Trials
PhaseStatusPurposeConditionsCount
4CompletedTreatmentAlcohol Dependency / Alcohol Use Disorders (AUD)1
4CompletedTreatmentAlcohol Dependency / Alcohol Withdrawal Syndrome1
4CompletedTreatmentAtopic Dermatitis1
4RecruitingTreatmentEpilepsy1
3CompletedTreatmentType 1 Diabetes Mellitus1

Pharmacoeconomics

Manufacturers
Not Available
Packagers
Not Available
Dosage Forms
FormRouteStrength
PowderNot applicable1 g/1g
Prices
Not Available
Patents
Not Available

Properties

State
Solid
Experimental Properties
PropertyValueSource
melting point (°C)-5.7 °CPhysProp
boiling point (°C)163.7 °CPhysProp
water solubility6E+004 mg/L (at 25 °C)HEMPHILL,L & SWANSON,WS (1964)
logP0.79HANSCH,C ET AL. (1995)
logS-0.19ADME Research, USCD
pKa4.82 (at 25 °C)RIDDICK,JA ET AL. (1986)
Predicted Properties
PropertyValueSource
Water Solubility239.0 mg/mLALOGPS
logP0.78ALOGPS
logP0.92Chemaxon
logS0.43ALOGPS
pKa (Strongest Acidic)4.91Chemaxon
Physiological Charge-1Chemaxon
Hydrogen Acceptor Count2Chemaxon
Hydrogen Donor Count1Chemaxon
Polar Surface Area37.3 Å2Chemaxon
Rotatable Bond Count2Chemaxon
Refractivity21.87 m3·mol-1Chemaxon
Polarizability9.22 Å3Chemaxon
Number of Rings0Chemaxon
Bioavailability1Chemaxon
Rule of FiveYesChemaxon
Ghose FilterNoChemaxon
Veber's RuleYesChemaxon
MDDR-like RuleNoChemaxon
Predicted ADMET Features
PropertyValueProbability
Human Intestinal Absorption+0.9938
Blood Brain Barrier+0.9572
Caco-2 permeable+0.7456
P-glycoprotein substrateNon-substrate0.759
P-glycoprotein inhibitor INon-inhibitor0.9554
P-glycoprotein inhibitor IINon-inhibitor0.9773
Renal organic cation transporterNon-inhibitor0.9544
CYP450 2C9 substrateNon-substrate0.8026
CYP450 2D6 substrateNon-substrate0.9177
CYP450 3A4 substrateNon-substrate0.7582
CYP450 1A2 substrateInhibitor0.5106
CYP450 2C9 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9345
CYP450 2D6 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9519
CYP450 2C19 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.9613
CYP450 3A4 inhibitorNon-inhibitor0.972
CYP450 inhibitory promiscuityLow CYP Inhibitory Promiscuity0.9849
Ames testNon AMES toxic0.95
CarcinogenicityNon-carcinogens0.5611
BiodegradationReady biodegradable0.9659
Rat acute toxicity1.6755 LD50, mol/kg Not applicable
hERG inhibition (predictor I)Weak inhibitor0.9484
hERG inhibition (predictor II)Non-inhibitor0.9677
ADMET data is predicted using admetSAR, a free tool for evaluating chemical ADMET properties. (23092397)

Spectra

Mass Spec (NIST)
Not Available
Spectra
SpectrumSpectrum TypeSplash Key
Predicted GC-MS Spectrum - GC-MSPredicted GC-MSsplash10-002f-9000000000-a7792b54320e7c859731
GC-MS Spectrum - EI-BGC-MSsplash10-03dl-9000000000-6dc57ea0c6b21d3f8aa1
GC-MS Spectrum - EI-BGC-MSsplash10-03dl-9000000000-032fc35b394786b5896a
Mass Spectrum (Electron Ionization)MSsplash10-03di-9000000000-5338ff8a9c4e59150aba
MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 10V, NegativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-000i-9000000000-7f461db56bfd8568ec71
MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 25V, NegativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-000i-9000000000-66f857fa612f773837bc
MS/MS Spectrum - Quattro_QQQ 40V, NegativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-000i-9000000000-e6689b2e6bf21570b934
MS/MS Spectrum - EI-B (HITACHI RMU-7M) , PositiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-03dl-9000000000-b2ffa7d67b2466dea94f
MS/MS Spectrum - EI-B (HITACHI M-80B) , PositiveLC-MS/MSsplash10-03dl-9000000000-7467bf19c64fd3f51105
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 10V, NegativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-000i-9000000000-9ae015043b014b3c93d9
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 20V, NegativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-000i-9000000000-e30b3c6bd6218b9b49e1
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ (API3000, Applied Biosystems) 30V, NegativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-000i-9000000000-efbb0e35a19a1713240b
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-000i-9000000000-9ae015043b014b3c93d9
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-000i-9000000000-e30b3c6bd6218b9b49e1
LC-MS/MS Spectrum - LC-ESI-QQ , negativeLC-MS/MSsplash10-000i-9000000000-efbb0e35a19a1713240b
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-00dl-9000000000-610cb5740d5cde4c41b6
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 10V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-000i-9000000000-e09274318c2586496cb3
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-9000000000-36a78cfd85d069ed0c6b
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 20V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-052r-9000000000-3a54b9ff7e5a4421639d
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Negative (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0f6x-9000000000-20660f6baa067c67ea3d
Predicted MS/MS Spectrum - 40V, Positive (Annotated)Predicted LC-MS/MSsplash10-0006-9000000000-b1fb549be658f8e0a22f
1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Predicted 1H NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
Predicted 13C NMR Spectrum1D NMRNot Applicable
[1H,13C] 2D NMR Spectrum2D NMRNot Applicable
Chromatographic Properties
Collision Cross Sections (CCS)
AdductCCS Value (Å2)Source typeSource
[M-H]-110.0611425
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-110.0099425
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-110.1456425
predicted
DarkChem Lite v0.1.0
[M-H]-131.852
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+H]+134.64949
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)
[M+Na]+142.87775
predicted
DeepCCS 1.0 (2019)

Targets

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Kind
Protein
Organism
Pseudomonas sp. (strain YL)
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
(s)-2-haloacid dehalogenase activity
Specific Function
Catalyzes the hydrolytic dehalogenation of small (S)-2-haloalkanoic acids to yield the corresponding (R)-2-hydroxyalkanoic acids. Acts on acids of short chain lengths, C(2) to C(4), with inversion ...
Gene Name
Not Available
Uniprot ID
Q53464
Uniprot Name
(S)-2-haloacid dehalogenase
Molecular Weight
26176.335 Da
References
  1. Overington JP, Al-Lazikani B, Hopkins AL: How many drug targets are there? Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Dec;5(12):993-6. [Article]
  2. Imming P, Sinning C, Meyer A: Drugs, their targets and the nature and number of drug targets. Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2006 Oct;5(10):821-34. [Article]
Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Identical protein binding
Specific Function
Esterase with broad substrate specificity. Contributes to the inactivation of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Can degrade neurotoxic organophosphate esters.
Gene Name
BCHE
Uniprot ID
P06276
Uniprot Name
Cholinesterase
Molecular Weight
68417.575 Da
Kind
Protein
Organism
Pseudomonas fluorescens
Pharmacological action
Unknown
General Function
Hydrolase activity
Specific Function
Not Available
Gene Name
cumD
Uniprot ID
P96965
Uniprot Name
2-hydroxy-6-oxo-7-methylocta-2,4-dienoate hydrolase
Molecular Weight
31489.385 Da

Enzymes

Kind
Protein
Organism
Humans
Pharmacological action
Unknown
Actions
Ligand
General Function
Identical protein binding
Specific Function
Esterase with broad substrate specificity. Contributes to the inactivation of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Can degrade neurotoxic organophosphate esters.
Gene Name
BCHE
Uniprot ID
P06276
Uniprot Name
Cholinesterase
Molecular Weight
68417.575 Da
References
  1. Xu YL, Li FY, Ndikuryayo F, Yang WC, Wang HM: Cholinesterases and Engineered Mutants for the Detection of Organophosphorus Pesticide Residues. Sensors (Basel). 2018 Dec 5;18(12). pii: s18124281. doi: 10.3390/s18124281. [Article]
  2. Colovic MB, Krstic DZ, Lazarevic-Pasti TD, Bondzic AM, Vasic VM: Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors: pharmacology and toxicology. Curr Neuropharmacol. 2013 May;11(3):315-35. doi: 10.2174/1570159X11311030006. [Article]
  3. Casper D, Davies P: Stimulation of choline acetyltransferase activity by retinoic acid and sodium butyrate in a cultured human neuroblastoma. Brain Res. 1989 Jan 23;478(1):74-84. doi: 10.1016/0006-8993(89)91478-9. [Article]

Drug created at June 13, 2005 13:24 / Updated at November 21, 2021 16:25